1st Year Physics Second half Book Paper

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 80 × 0.5 = 40)

1. Ideal gas molecules exert force on each other only during:
   1. Free expansion
   2. Collision
   3. Heating
   4. Cooling
2. Drift velocity is produced when
   1. No electric field exists
   2. A potential difference is applied
   3. Temperature decreases
   4. Conductor is cooled
3. In Doppler's effect formula, vs represents:
   1. Speed of listener
   2. Speed of sound
   3. Speed of source
   4. Speed of medium
4. The magnetic field around a long straight current-carrying conductor is in the form of:
   1. Straight lines
   2. Concentric circles
   3. Parabolic curves
   4. Random loops
5. The first postulate of special relativity states that the laws of physics are same in:
   1. All accelerating frames
   2. All inertial frames
   3. All rotating frames
   4. All gravitational fields
6. Which particle gives mass to matter according to Higgs?
   1. Photon
   2. Gluon
   3. Higgs boson
   4. Z-boson
7. Electric field is related to potential gradient by:
   1. E = qΔV
   2. E = Δr/ΔV
   3. E = -ΔV/Δr
   4. E = V/r
8. Maximum work is obtained by the process called:
   1. Isochoric
   2. Isothermal
   3. Isobaric
   4. Adiabatic
9. Kirchhoff's Current Law states that:
   1. Sum of voltages in a circuit is zero
   2. Voltage is constant
   3. Current is same everywhere
   4. Sum of currents entering a junction equals sum leaving
10. High frequency sound waves bounce off blood and are used in:
    1. MRI
    2. Echocardiography
    3. X-ray
    4. ECG
11. The combined electric and magnetic force acting on a charged particle is called:
    1. Fleming force
    2. Coulomb force
    3. Lorentz force
    4. Maxwell force
12. A frame of reference that is at rest or moving with uniform velocity is called a:
    1. stationary frame
    2. inertial frame
    3. non-inertial frame
    4. rotational frame
13. The Higgs field gives mass to
    1. all elementary particles
    2. only photons
    3. only electrons
    4. only quarks
14. If two points are at same potential, are there any electric field lines connecting them?
    1. Yes
    2. No
    3. May or may not
    4. Insufficient information.
15. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on temperature only.
    1. Pressure
    2. Volume
    3. Density
    4. Temperature
16. In the potentiometer equation E2 = (l2/l1) E1, the quantities l1 and l2 represent
    1. Current
    2. Resistances
    3. Balancing lengths
    4. Time intervals
17. Formula of intensity in terms of power is:
    1. I = PA
    2. I = P/A
    3. I = A/P
    4. I = Pt/A
18. When the angle between velocity and magnetic field is neither 0°, 90°, nor 180°, the particle moves in a:
    1. Circular path
    2. Straight path
    3. Helical path
    4. Zig-zag path
19. Minkowski space combines:
    1. Time with three spatial dimensions
    2. Time with mass
    3. Time with energy
    4. Length with velocity
20. Which force binds quarks inside hadrons?
    1. Electromagnetic force
    2. Gravitational force
    3. Weak nuclear force
    4. Strong nuclear force
21. Inside a Faraday cage, the electric field is:
    1. Maximum
    2. Zero
    3. Variable
    4. Constant
22. Charles's law graph between volume and temperature is
    1. Curved
    2. Parabolic
    3. Straight line
    4. Zig-zag
23. A potentiometer works on the principle of
    1. Heating effect
    2. Null method
    3. Resonance
    4. Magnetic induction
24. Which type of light is reduced to half after passing through one Polaroid?
    1. Laser light
    2. UV light
    3. Infrared light
    4. Unpolarized light
25. Which of the following particle in motion cannot be deflected by magnetic field?
    1. Electron
    2. Proton
    3. Alpha-particle
    4. Neutron
26. Value of speed of light (c) is approximately:
    1. 3×10² m/s
    2. 3×10⁵ m/s
    3. 3×10⁸ m/s
    4. 3×10¹⁰ m/s
27. Which particle is exchanged between quarks?
    1. Photon
    2. Gluon
    3. Electron
    4. Neutrino
28. A charge +q placed in an electric field experiences a force:
    1. Opposite to E
    2. Along the direction of E
    3. Perpendicular to E
    4. Zero
29. The equation PV = NkT relates pressure, volume, and temperature with:
    1. Boltzmann constant
    2. Avogadro's number
    3. Molar mass
    4. Molecular size
30. Which one of the following electrical devices helps us to measure the accurate value of emf?
    1. meter Bridge
    2. voltmeter
    3. multimeter
    4. potentiometer
31. Which law gives intensity of transmitted polarized light?
    1. Snell's law
    2. Malus's law
    3. Newton's law
    4. Bernoulli's law
32. A charged particle moves in a circular path when:
    1. v ⟂ B
    2. v ∥ B
    3. v ∝ B
    4. v = 0
33. An inertial frame of reference is the one.
    1. Which is at rest.
    2. Which is moving with a uniform velocity along a straight line.
    3. Which has zero acceleration.
    4. All of these
34. According to string theory, forces like electromagnetism arise from
    1. quarks
    2. vibrations of strings
    3. molecules
    4. photons only
35. The region between opposite charges where field is strong is due to:
    1. Low density of lines
    2. No field
    3. Circular lines
    4. High density of lines
36. According to first law of thermodynamics, when heat is added to the system,
    1. Internal energy decreases
    2. Work must be zero
    3. Internal energy increases
    4. No energy change occurs
37. The SI unit of resistivity is:
    1. Ohm
    2. Ohm-meter
    3. Siemens
    4. Coulomb
38. According to Malus's law, I = I₀ cos²θ. Here θ is angle between:
    1. Direction of propagation
    2. Polarization axis of analyzer and polarizer
    3. Lens and source
    4. Wave and medium
39. The formula for magnetic force on a conductor in a magnetic field is:
    1. F = IBL
    2. F = BIL sinθ
    3. F = BI/L
    4. F = L/B
40. Length of a moving object becomes:
    1. Larger
    2. Shorter
    3. Stays the same
    4. Infinite
41. Particles made of quark-antiquark pairs are called:
    1. Baryons
    2. Mesons
    3. Leptons
    4. Bosons
42. The strength of electric field is proportional to:
    1. Number of field lines per unit area
    2. Mass of the charge
    3. Distance squared
    4. Temperature
43. Hot reservoir temperature is
    1. Lower than cold reservoir
    2. Equal to cold reservoir
    3. Not related to cold reservoir
    4. Higher than cold reservoir
44. In order to achieve high accuracy, the slide wire of a potentiometer should be:
    1. as long as possible.
    2. as short as possible.
    3. neither too small nor too large.
    4. very thick.
45. A loop in a stationary wave represents:
    1. A node
    2. A crest
    3. An antinode
    4. A trough
46. Magnetic force between two magnets occurs due to:
    1. Contact force
    2. Their magnetic fields interacting
    3. Weight of magnets
    4. Pressure
47. The spacetime model is:
    1. A physical machine
    2. A mathematical model
    3. An experimental device
    4. A real four-dimensional object
48. Conservation of nucleons states that:
    1. Nucleons can disappear
    2. Total number of nucleons before and after reaction is constant
    3. Neutrons convert into photons
    4. Protons vanish
49. A charged sphere behaves as a point charge when:
    1. Observed from inside the sphere
    2. Observed from outside the sphere
    3. Sphere is non-conducting
    4. Sphere is moving
50. Which equation represents the ideal gas equation?
    1. PV = mRT
    2. PV = nRT
    3. P = ρRT
    4. PV = KT
51. If load resistance is much greater than internal resistance, power delivered to load becomes:
    1. Maximum
    2. Zero
    3. Very low
    4. Infinite
52. Resultant wave C in beats is formed by:
    1. Subtraction only
    2. Addition only
    3. Both addition & subtraction of amplitudes
    4. Reflection
53. Magnetic force acts on a charged particle only if:
    1. The charge is very large
    2. The charge is moving
    3. The charge is stationary
    4. Magnetic field is zero
54. Which equation expresses mass-energy equivalence?
    1. F = ma
    2. p = mv
    3. E = mc²
    4. W = Fd
55. In beta-minus decay, a down quark changes into:
    1. Up quark
    2. Strange quark
    3. Charm quark
    4. Top quark
56. Coulomb's force varies directly with:
    1. Distance
    2. Square of distance
    3. Product of charges
    4. Sum of charges
57. Boyle's law states that volume of a given mass of gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to
    1. Pressure
    2. Temperature
    3. Heat
    4. Density
58. Maximum power output is given by:
    1. e²/r
    2. e²/4R
    3. e²/4r
    4. e/R
59. Stationary waves have:
    1. Travelling nodes
    2. Fixed nodes and antinodes
    3. Only crests
    4. Only troughs
60. Magnetic flux will be maximum when:
    1. Magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane area
    2. Magnetic field lies parallel to the plane area
    3. Area is held at an angle of 45°
    4. Area is held at an angle of 60°
61. A frame of reference that is accelerating is called:
    1. inertial frame
    2. non-inertial frame
    3. gravitational frame
    4. absolute frame
62. Synchrotron accelerators move particles in
    1. Straight line
    2. Spiral pattern
    3. Closed circular path
    4. Zig-zag path
63. If F is the force on test charge q, electric field E is:
    1. F × q
    2. F/q
    3. q/F
    4. F - q
64. Boyle's law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume remains
    1. Minimum
    2. Zero
    3. Maximum
    4. Constant
65. Electric potential is defined as:
    1. Work done per unit mass
    2. Work done per unit distance
    3. Work done per unit time
    4. Work done per unit charge
66. Intensity of a wave is defined as:
    1. Energy carried per unit time
    2. Amplitude per unit time
    3. Power carried per unit length
    4. Energy carried per unit area in unit time
67. Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor is proportional to:
    1. Current only
    2. Magnetic field only
    3. Length of conductor only
    4. All of these
68. Explain what is meant by a frame of reference.
    1. A frame of reference is a graph plotted between distance and time.
    2. A frame of reference is a graph plotted between speed and time.
    3. A frame of reference is the velocity of an object through empty space without regard to its surroundings.
    4. A frame of reference is an arbitrarily fixed point with respect to which motion of other points is measured.
69. Conservation of charge in nuclear reactions means:
    1. Charge is created
    2. Charge is destroyed
    3. Total charge remains constant
    4. Charge doubles
70. The electric field lines due to a positive charge:
    1. Point inward
    2. Point outward
    3. Form closed loops
    4. Are parallel
71. According to kinetic theory of gases, collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic.
    1. Inelastic
    2. Random
    3. Plastic
    4. Elastic
72. The direction of conventional current is
    1. Opposite to electron flow
    2. Same as electron flow
    3. Random
    4. Vertical
73. For the case when source moves away, the apparent frequency equation is:
    1. f' = v/(v+vs) f
    2. f' = v/(v-vs) f
    3. f' = (v+vs)/v f
    4. f' = (v-vs)/v f
74. An electron is revolving in circular path radius r in a magnetic field, if the magnetic field is halved then new radius will be:
    1. r/2
    2. r/4
    3. 2r
    4. 4r
75. When a person in a moving train observes a falling ball, it falls:
    1. Curved path
    2. In zig-zag
    3. Horizontally
    4. Vertically
76. During up and anti-up quark annihilation, the interaction occurs through
    1. photons
    2. neutrinos
    3. gluons
    4. W bosons
77. The test charge used to measure the electric field must be:
    1. Very large
    2. Negative
    3. Very small positive
    4. Zero
78. Which gas law is also known as Amonton's law?
    1. Boyle's law
    2. Avogadro's law
    3. Gay Lussac's law
    4. Charles's law
79. Maximum power transfer occurs when load resistance equals:
    1. Half of internal resistance
    2. Double internal resistance
    3. Zero
    4. Internal resistance
80. Diffraction is the bending of waves around:
    1. Smooth surfaces
    2. Sharp edges and corners
    3. Transparent objects
    4. High-frequency waves