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Punjab (PTB) · Half book test (board pattern) · Free

1st Year Biology First half Book Paper

85 marks · 3 hours · 55 questions. Covers: 6 chapters (CHAP 1: Biodiversity and Classification to CHAP 6: Bioenergetics).

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1st Year Biology First half Book Paper

1st Year · Biology · Punjab (PTB)

Name: ____________Roll No: ________Class/Section: ________Date: ________Total marks: 85Time: 3 hours

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 17 × 1 = 17)

  1. Which stem cells are derived from early embryos?

    1. Adult stem cells

    2. Pluripotent stem cells

    3. Embryonic stem cells

    4. Induced pluripotent stem cells

  2. Enzymes are also known as:

    1. Coenzymes

    2. Substrates

    3. Biocatalysts

    4. Metabolites

  3. How much energy is released by breaking one phosphate bond in ATP?

    1. 2 kcal/mole

    2. 4.6 kcal/mole

    3. 7.3 kcal/mole

    4. 10 kcal/mole

  4. What surrounds the new DNA during endospore formation?

    1. A single cell wall

    2. A protein layer

    3. Two membrane

    4. One lipid membrane

  5. What enzyme is involved in the synthesis of RNA from DNA?

    1. DNA polymerase

    2. RNA polymerase

    3. Ligase

    4. Helicase

  6. What type of body symmetry do chordates exhibit?

    1. Radial

    2. Bilateral

    3. Asymmetrical

    4. None of the above

  7. What may happen to products that are not secreted?

    1. Destroyed by ribosomes

    2. Sent to vacuoles

    3. Become or return to ER

    4. Become thylakoids

  8. What is denaturation of an enzyme?

    1. A reversible change in enzyme shape

    2. Permanent loss of enzyme activity due to temperature or pH

    3. Reaction with substrate

    4. Temporary inhibition of active site

  9. What is the function of the antenna complex in a photosystem?

    1. Produces glucose

    2. Absorbs CO2

    3. Captures light and passes energy to the reaction centre

    4. Breaks water molecules

  10. How does HIV replicate inside host cells?

    1. By transcription of its RNA

    2. By reverse transcription of RNA into DNA

    3. By splitting the host cell into two

    4. By using host DNA directly

  11. Which protein maintains the osmotic concentration of blood?

    1. Fibrinogen

    2. Albumin

    3. Myosin

    4. Tubulin

  12. Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which:

    1. Both organisms are harmed

    2. One benefits, one is harmed

    3. Both benefit

    4. Neither benefits

  13. Which cell type has 49% protein in its plasma membrane by weight?

    1. Bacteria

    2. Human red blood cells

    3. Mitochondrial inner membrane

    4. Plant cell

  14. Why do different types of cells have different sets of enzymes?

    1. Because they all perform the same chemical reactions

    2. Because red blood cells and nerve cells have different chemical reactions

    3. Because enzymes are not important in cells

    4. Because all cells have identical functions

  15. What molecule receives electrons from PS-I's primary acceptor?

    1. Plastocyanin

    2. ATP

    3. Ferredoxin (FD)

    4. ADP

  16. The HIV capsid contains:

    1. Single-stranded DNA and reverse transcriptase

    2. Single-stranded RNA and reverse transcriptase

    3. Double-stranded DNA and integrase

    4. Double-stranded RNA and RNA polymerase

  17. What is a hydrogen bond?

    1. A covalent bond between hydrogen atoms

    2. A weak attraction between polar molecules

    3. A bond between two hydrogen atoms

    4. A bond in metals

Q2. Short questions (Attempt any 8 of 12 · 8 × 2 = 16)

  1. What type of bacteria is used for cleaning up oil spills and how?

  2. What does random sampling enhance in blodiversity studies?

  3. How do bacteria without flagella achieve motility?

  4. Give an example of an aerial survey.

  5. How is the bacteria flagellum anchored in the cell?

  6. What are point counts?

  7. What is the role of normal flora in human system stimulation?

  8. Why is it important to understand how ecosystems function?

  9. What is the structure of HIV?

  10. What is meant by symbiosis in bacteria?

  11. Write the composition of the peptidoglycan layer in bacterial cell walls.

  12. What is the structure of the nerve cord in arthropods?

Q3. Short questions (Attempt any 8 of 12 · 8 × 2 = 16)

  1. Describe the role of the Golgi body in forming lysosomes.

  2. What is the specific heat capacity of water and why is it significant?

  3. What does the sodium-potassium pump do in nerve cells?

  4. What are acylglycerols and how are they classified?

  5. How does the plasama membrane manage the transport of substance into and out of the cell?

  6. What is the role of hydrogen bonds in water's surface tension?

  7. What are receptors in cell signaling, and where are they found?

  8. What are carbohydrates and what does the term mean?

  9. Where are cilia found in the human body, and what is their function?

  10. What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

  11. How do vacuoies help in plant protection

  12. How does water help regulate Earth's temperature and cool living organisms?

Q4. Short questions (Attempt any 6 of 9 · 6 × 2 = 12)

  1. How many ATP molecules are produced in anaerobic respiration?

  2. What do you mean by hydrolases? Give two examples.

  3. What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?

  4. What are irreversible inhibitors and how do they act?

  5. What happens when RuBisCO binds oxygen instead of carbon dioxide?

  6. How is the first enzyme regulated in a metabolic pathway?

  7. What toxic substance is produced in the peroxisome during photorespiration?

  8. What is the mechanism of feedback inhibition?

  9. What is an action spectrum?

Q5. Long questions (Attempt any 3 of 5 · 3 × 8 = 24)

  1. How is glucose broken down to pyruvic acid in glycolysis?

  2. Describe the effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme action.

  3. Describe the body structure and systems of organisms in Phylum Mollusca. 

  4. Distinguish the properties and roles of monosaccharides and classify them.

  5. Describe the different types of motility patterns observed in bacteria. or explain different methods of movement in bateria.