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Punjab (PTB) · Chapter test · Free

2nd Year Physics Chapter 8 TestMEDICAL PHYSICS

30 marks · 40 minutes · 21 questions. Covers: CHAP 20: MEDICAL PHYSICS.

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2nd Year Physics Chapter 8 Test

2nd Year · Physics · Punjab (PTB)

Name: ____________Roll No: ________Class/Section: ________Date: ________Total marks: 30Time: 40 minutes

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 10 × 1 = 10)

  1. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) works through gamma-ray detection and which of the following physical processes?

    1. Piezoelectric effect

    2. Positron–electron annihilation

    3. Nuclear fission

    4. X-ray diffraction

  2. Which type of radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and produce ions?

    1. Non-ionizing radiation

    2. Ultrasonic radiation

    3. Ionizing radiation

    4. Radiowaves

  3. During a scan inside a CT-scanner, which component dynamically rotates around the patient's body?

    1. The monitor display

    2. The electronic detector panel

    3. The X-ray tube

    4. The patient's table bed

  4. The transition of electrons in hydrogen or other light elements results in spectral lines in which regions of the electromagnetic spectrum?

    1. X-ray and gamma-ray regions

    2. Infrared, visible, or ultraviolet regions

    3. Microwave and radiowave regions

    4. Cosmic ray region

  5. In heavy atoms, which concentric electron shell is located closest to the nucleus?

    1. L-shell

    2. M-shell

    3. K-shell

    4. N-shell

  6. Which effect is responsible for generating and detecting ultrasound waves for medical diagnosis?

    1. Photoelectric effect

    2. Doppler effect

    3. Compton effect

    4. Piezoelectric effect

  7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a technology commonly used in hospitals for medical physics?

    1. X-ray imaging

    2. Ultrasound scans

    3. MRI scans

    4. PET-scans

  8. Which of the following is true regarding higher frequency ultrasound waves?

    1. They offer better resolution but less penetration

    2. They penetrate deeper but have lower image clarity

    3. They completely eliminate the need for a scanning gel

    4. They only travel through bone tissues

  9. The word "Tomography" originates from the Greek word tomos, which means:

    1. Picture

    2. Slice

    3. Bone

    4. Ray

  10. Through which physical processes do X-rays and gamma rays interact with matter?

    1. Reflection and refraction

    2. Photoelectric effect and Compton scattering

    3. Annihilation and fusion

    4. Piezoelectric effect and absorption

Q2. Short questions (Attempt any 6 of 8 · 6 × 2 = 12)

  1. What risk is associated with CT-scans, and what is its radiation dose comparable to?

  2. What causes an ultrasound wave to reflect when traveling through the body?

  3. Why do doctors take special medical precautions before ordering a CT-scan for certain individuals?

  4. Which physical effect enables ultrasound transducers to produce sound waves?

  5. Define attenuation in the context of X-ray imaging.

  6. Define radiation and state its two main uses in medical physics.

  7. List four common medical physics technologies used in daily life.

  8. Why are radiowaves and ultrasound preferred for certain types of medical imaging?

Q3. Long questions (Attempt any 2 of 3 · 2 × 4 = 8)

  1. Describe how an ultrasound image is created using the concepts of echoes and reflected sound waves.

  2. Write a brief note on PET. How is it used to scan malignant tissues?

  3. Compare CT and conventional X-ray imaging with respect to image clarity and diagnostic value.