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Punjab (PTB) · Chapter test · Free

2nd Year Biology Chapter 4 TestHUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

30 marks · 40 minutes · 21 questions. Covers: CHAP 16: HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.

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2nd Year Biology Chapter 4 Test

2nd Year · Biology · Punjab (PTB)

Name: ____________Roll No: ________Class/Section: ________Date: ________Total marks: 30Time: 40 minutes

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 10 × 1 = 10)

  1. Over-secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex results in which disease?

    1. Diabetes insipidus

    2. Cushing disease

    3. Addison's disease

    4. Graves' disease

  2. Antidiuretic and oxytocin hormones are produced by:

    1. Anterior pituitary

    2. Posterior pituitary

    3. Intermediate pituitary

    4. Hypothalamus

  3. Under-secretion of insulin results in diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by high blood sugar known as:

    1. Hypoglycaemia

    2. Hyperglycaemia

    3. Hypercalcemia

    4. Hypocalcaemia

  4. Which gland produces hormones that control other endocrine glands?

    1. Anterior pituitary

    2. Posterior pituitary

    3. Thyroid

    4. Intermediate pituitary

  5. The release of which hormone during childbirth serves as a classic example of a positive feedback loop?

    1. Insulin

    2. Oxytocin

    3. Glucagon

    4. Thyroxine

  6. When blood glucose levels fall back down to normal, what happens to the beta cells of the pancreas?

    1. They are stimulated to stop releasing insulin

    2. They are stimulated to release more glucagon

    3. They undergo rapid cell division

    4. They convert excess glucose into fats

  7. Why does the posterior pituitary gland NOT synthesize any hormones of its own?

    1. It lacks blood vessels

    2. It is destroyed after embryonic development

    3. It is formed from an outgrowth of neural tissue

    4. It only contains exocrine glands

  8. Which hormone stimulates the development of ovarian follicles in females and sperms in males?

    1. Prolactin

    2. Oxytocin

    3. Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH)

    4. Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

  9. Which hormone is released by the adrenal medulla to trigger an immediate "fight or flight" response?

    1. Thyroxine

    2. Epinephrine

    3. Cortisol

    4. Aldosterone

  10. Which hormone released by the small intestine wall directly stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?

    1. Gastrin

    2. Secretin

    3. Renin

    4. Cholecystokinin

Q2. Short questions (Attempt any 6 of 8 · 6 × 2 = 12)

  1. State the role of hormones as chemical messengers.

  2. Differentiate between; Beta and alpha cells of pancreas.

  3. Explain how parathormone acts on bones and kidneys to raise blood calcium levels.

  4. List four distinct ways in which insulin works to lower blood glucose levels.

  5. Differentiate between; Exocrine and endocrine glands

  6. Describe the chemical structure and solubility of peptide and protein hormones.

  7. Compare the causes and clinical features of Cushing disease and Addison's disease.

  8. Differentiate between; Insulin and glucagon.

Q3. Long questions (Attempt any 2 of 3 · 2 × 4 = 8)

  1. State the role of artificially synthesized steroids in sports and their long-term effects on its users.

  2. Describe the functions of thyroid hormones. What are major diseases due to their imbalance?

  3. State the names of the hormones secreted by pituitary gland. Write the function of each hormone and state the major abnormalities caused by the imbalance of pituitary hormones.