2nd Year Biology 1st Quarter Book Paper

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 12 × 1 = 12)

1. Over-secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex results in which disease?

   1. Diabetes insipidus

   2. Cushing disease

   3. Addison's disease

   4. Graves' disease

2. Which parts of a neuron receive information from other cells and carry impulses toward the cell body?

   1. Dendrites

   2. Axons

   3. Axon terminals

   4. Nodes of Ranvier

3. The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder and are approximately how long?

   1. 5 cm

   2. 15 cm

   3. 25 cm

   4. 50 cm

4. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

   1. Blood clotting

   2. Regulation of blood glucose levels

   3. Labor and childbirth

   4. Cytokine storm during infection

5. Antidiuretic and oxytocin hormones are produced by:

   1. Anterior pituitary

   2. Posterior pituitary

   3. Intermediate pituitary

   4. Hypothalamus

6. The cytoplasm of a neuron's cell body is characterized by the presence of Nissl's granules, which are groups of:

   1. Mitochondria and Golgi bodies

   2. Ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum

   3. Lysosomes and vacuoles

   4. Centrioles and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

7. Which type of nephron makes up the majority (about 85%) of nephrons in the kidney?

   1. Juxtamedullary nephrons

   2. Cortical nephrons

   3. Medullary nephrons

   4. Papillary nephrons

8. The expansion of blood capillaries lying just beneath the epidermis of the skin to remove excess heat is called:

   1. Vasoconstriction

   2. Vasodilation

   3. Hyperthermia

   4. Hypothermia

9. Under-secretion of insulin results in diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by high blood sugar known as:

   1. Hypoglycaemia

   2. Hyperglycaemia

   3. Hypercalcemia

   4. Hypocalcaemia

10. The pineal gland is located where the two halves of the thalamus join and produces which hormone to control sleep patterns?

    1. Melatonin

    2. Oxytocin

    3. Thyroxine

    4. Adrenaline

11. The efferent arteriole branches to form a dense network around the proximal and distal convoluted tubules called:

    1. Vasa recta

    2. Peritubular capillaries

    3. Glomerular beds

    4. Renal venules

12. To conserve water, kidneys convert highly toxic ammonia into less toxic substances called:

    1. Chitin or keratin

    2. Glucose or fructose

    3. Urea or uric acid

    4. Amino acids or proteins