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Punjab (PTB) · Chapter test · Free

2nd Year Chemistry Chapter 15 TestMATERIALS AND ENERGY

30 marks · 40 minutes · 21 questions. Covers: CHAP 31: MATERIALS AND ENERGY.

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2nd Year Chemistry Chapter 15 Test

2nd Year · Chemistry · Punjab (PTB)

Name: ____________Roll No: ________Class/Section: ________Date: ________Total marks: 30Time: 40 minutes

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 10 × 1 = 10)

  1. In drug development, designers employ XRD to realize how a drug molecule:

    1. Dissolves in liquids

    2. Attaches to its target

    3. Is packed into tablets

    4. Changes its chemical color

  2. A mobile phone contains a variety of:

    1. Only metals

    2. Only plastics

    3. Metals, plastics and their composites

    4. Only ceramics

  3. Besides methane, natural gas contains a mixture of:

    1. Benzene, toluene, xylene

    2. Ethane, propane, butane

    3. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen

    4. Naphtha, gasoline, diesel

  4. What is the most well-known structural determination use of XRD (X-ray diffraction)?

    1. Splitting of water molecules

    2. Double helix structure of DNA

    3. Synthesis of polymers

    4. Extraction of iron ore

  5. X-ray crystallography is an analytical tool primarily used to identify the three-dimensional positions of atoms in:

    1. Amorphous solids

    2. Gases and liquids

    3. Crystalline solids

    4. Organic solvents

  6. Crude oil is described as a complicated mixture of:

    1. Salts and minerals

    2. Hydrocarbons

    3. Carbohydrates

    4. Heavy metals

  7. A major limitation of mechanical recycling is:

    1. High energy use

    2. Polymer degradation

    3. Monomer formation

    4. Use of Na2CO3

  8. Ores are generally:

    1. Pure metals

    2. Pure non-metals

    3. Mixtures of desired mineral, impurities and earthy materials

    4. Only chemical compounds of gold

  9. When X-rays fall on a crystal, they are diffracted after hitting the atoms at:

    1. Random intervals

    2. Specific angles

    3. Straight paths

    4. Right angles only

  10. The Fukushima nuclear accident occurred in which year?

    1. 1986

    2. 2011

    3. 1999

    4. 2016

Q2. Short questions (Attempt any 6 of 8 · 6 × 2 = 12)

  1. What is surge current, what causes it, and why is it dangerous for a solar power system?

  2. Why is the recycling of aluminium considered highly efficient compared to using raw ore?

  3. What are ores?

  4. Which two specific structural attributes of a crystal can be mapped through the analysis of diffraction patterns and mathematical models?

  5. How does the process of recycling benefit landfills and solid waste management?

  6. Differentiate between Energy Density and Specific Energy based on their definitions and units.

  7. How is X-ray diffraction utilized by designers during the drug development process?

  8. Explain how a chain reaction is triggered during the process of nuclear fission.

Q3. Long questions (Attempt any 2 of 3 · 2 × 4 = 8)

  1. Describe the main steps involved in the extraction of metals from their ores.

  2. Explain the importance and challenges to the process of recycling.

  3. Explain how X-rays interact with crystals to produce diffraction patterns and how these patterns help determine atomic positions.