2nd Year Chemistry Chapter 1 Test01. Ethics and Values in Chemistry

Q1. Multiple choice questions (Attempt all · 10 × 1 = 10)

1. Industrial chemicals, if mismanaged, mainly cause:
   1. Environmental pollution
   2. Medical advancements
   3. Higher crop production
   4. Clean energy
2. Which of the following is a positive impact of chemical substances on human health?
   1. Respiratory diseases
   2. Medical advancements
   3. Water pollution
   4. Soil pollution
3. Proposing a hypothesis that cannot be tested is known as:
   1. Hasty generalization
   2. Non-testable hypothesis
   3. Faulty analogy
   4. Straw man fallacy
4. Which fallacy occurs when someone distorts another’s claim?
   1. Straw man fallacy
   2. Exclusion fallacy
   3. Occam’s razor
   4. Argument from hypothesis
5. What is a con of weak or outdated regulations regarding chemicals?
   1. They protect public health effectively
   2. They foster innovation in chemical processes
   3. They fail to address current risks
   4. They reduce compliance costs for companies
6. In the context of written articles, what would be a counterclaim for promoting electric vehicles?
   1. Electric cars produce no emissions
   2. Urban areas suffer from high air pollution
   3. Electric cars still have high environmental costs due to battery production
   4. All of these
7. Part showing main message:
   1. Premise
   2. Claim
   3. Assumption
   4. Conclusion
8. What does the principle of Occam’s Razor advocate?
   1. Choosing the most complex explanation for an event
   2. Choosing the simplest explanation for an event
   3. Choosing an explanation based on tradition
   4. Choosing an explanation based on authority
9. A counterclaim is:
   1. Supportive statement
   2. Conclusion
   3. Opposing viewpoint
   4. Assumption
10. Which fallacy involves attacking a distorted version of an opponent’s claim?
    1. Confirmation Bias
    2. Hasty Generalizations
    3. The Straw Man Fallacy
    4. Redefinition